Throttle controlled induction system of internal combustion engines of the compression ignition type



2,149,691 STION March 7,1939.

T.'.J. SWINNEY THROTTLE CONTROLLED INDUCTION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUENGINES OF THE COMPRESSION IGNITION TYPE Filed Feb 23 1958 Patented Mar.7, 1939 THROTTLE CONTROLLED INDUCTION SYSTEM OF INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES OF THE COMPRESSION IGNI- TION TYPE Thomas James Swinney, London,England Application February 23, 1938, Serial No. 192,148 In GreatBritain February 24, 1937 Claims. (01. 123-52) o This invention relatesto throttle controlled induction'systemsof compression ignition engines,and hasfor its object to provide a means of utilizing the fall inpressure in the induction pipe,

5 to operate suction controlled devices, without entirely shutting ofithe air supply to the engine which would result in its stalling orreducing the air supply to such an extent that defective com- 'bustionof the'fuel would be unduly evidenced.

Normally the air' intake pipe of a compression ignition engine comprisesa plain bore tube, with suitable branches leading to the cylinders, andWithout any throttle or such like device controlling the air'supply.

It is known that throttleor air-intake valves have also been 'proposedfor use with plain bore air-intake pipes, or in which a choke or venturiis fitted, the fall in pressure in the intake pipe, caused by" theclosing of the valve element being utilized to operate suctioncontrolled devices.

- l. With such throttle controlled air-intake pipes,

there "is thedisa'dvantage that a failure of the throttle valveoperating mechanism, may result ini'the air supply being entirely shutoff by the valve element being completely closed, and it is desirable tohave some means to prevent the .complete'shutting'ofi of the airsupply,whilst still retaining a throttle or air-intake valve to control the airsupply and produce the necessary suctioni v f I 'h invention consists inan induction system for compression ignition engines, in which there areprovided at least two tubes, preferably concentrically arranged,providing passages for: the airrsupply to the engine cylinders, and inone of which tubes there is arranged a movable valve element or throttlevalve, controlling the flow of air in such'passage the other passagebeing left uncontrolled and free to allow aflow of air toreachthe-engine cylinders,

The valve controlling the inner passage alone may be of the butterflytype, or some such valve element, whilst if the construction is suchthat the outer passage alone is to be controlled, and this constructionis to be preferred, then the inner tube may be furnished with aspherical enlargement, and on the diameter of the enlargement at rightangles or at any other appropriate angle with the common axis of the twopassages, there may be rotatably arranged an annulus constituting themovable valve element for the outer passage.

Where the device is to be utilized for the operation of vacuumservo-brakes, and so obviating the employment of an exhauster pump, orsome such separate device, the movable valve element may be connected tothe brake operating mechanism, in such a way that when the brake,actuated by the suction in the induction pipe is fully applied, thevalve element will by means of suitable mechanism close its respectivepassage, preferably in advance of the fully operated brake position, andso producing the necessary suction in such passage, whilst the otherpassage is free to supply the engine with the air required formaintaining it in operation. The movable valve element may be connectedto the accelerator mechanism, in such a way that when the driver's footis removed from the accelerator pedal or through the varying stages ofdepression of the accelerator pedal, the valveelement will close or varythe opening of its respective passage as hereinbefore described and sovary the degree of vacuum obtained.

Optionally, a choke tube or venturi may be fitted in the air controlledpassage in a suitable position relative to the movable valve elementand/or in the uncontrolled air passage so that both tubes may beutilized to provide separate sources of induction depression.

Where a vacuum reservoir in conjunction with a servo cylinder is used inthe braking system, suitable means beingemployed to prevent air flowfrom the induction to the reservoir, the movable valve element may becontrolled in such instance that when the vacuum reservoir has assistedthe braking operation or at some predetermined degree of vacuum in thevacuum reservoir, the 'movable valve element can be closed and soregenerate the vacuum or reduction of pressure in the reservoir.

While the employment of the reduction of pressure secured in theactuating of a braking system has above been referred to, it'will beunderstood that the reduction in pressure secured may be applied in theoperation of suction controlled clutches, windscreen wipers, fuel pumpsor fuel pump governors or other suction operated mechanism associatedwith the engine.

The inner tubular member provided may extend substantially to the inletports of the engine cylinders, in which case it will comprise a manifoldfurnished with a number of branches located within the manifoldequivalent to 1 or it may terminate at a position more or less adjacentto the throttle valve, or at any point between the throttle valve andthe inlet ports.

With an induction system in accordance with the invention at low enginespeeds the air velocity through the uncontrolled passage will be greaterthan'if no control were provided in the other passage.

The inventLon will be described further in detail and by way of examplewith reference to the accompanying drawing in which:-

Figure 1 illustrates one construction of induction system in accordancewith the invention;

Figure 2 is a view in section of an essential element thereof on alarger scale,

Figure 3 being a corresponding cross-section on the plane represented bythe line 33 in Figure 2 as viewed in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 4 is a view of a longitudinal section of another construction inaccordance with the invention,

Figure 5 being a view partly in section of yet another construction; and

Figure 6 being a view in detail.

Referring to Figure 1, I is the manifold of the induction systemprovided with a plurality of branches 2 connected to the severalcylinders. The manifold is also provided with a branch 3 furnished witha flange 4 to which is secured the tubular member 5 furnished with aflange 6 abutting against one face of a jointing washer I locatedbetween the two flanges referred to.

Within the tubular member referred to there is located a second tubularmember 8 provided, in the constructions illustrated in Figures 1 to 4,with a spherical enlargement 9 about which is located an annular movablevalve element IE1 adapted to control the flow of air through the spacebetween the inner and the outer tubular elements.

This valve element is engaged with a pivot II and is furnished with aspindle I2, to which is secured a lever I3 whereby its position may beadjusted.

In the constructions shown in Figures 3 and 4, a tubular branch I4 isfurnished which is designed to be connected with such a suction orvacuum operated device and, for instance, a vacuum tank furnished with anonreturn valve and connected with brake operating mechanism.

The construction illustrated in Figure 4 is generally similar to theconstruction illustrated in Figure 2 but within the inner tubular memberthere is provided a venturi or choke element I5 and in this case thereis provided a second branch I6 which communicates with the inner tubularmember.

In the case of the construction illustrated in Figure 5, a butterflyvalve I1 is located in the inner tubular member and from this memberthere extends a branch I8.

Figure 6 illustrates merely a detail whereby connection may be made witha vacuum operated device.

. In this case there is provided an internally screw-threaded hole I9 inthe outer tubular memher with which is engaged a hollow screwed plug 20adapted to engage the well known form of fitting ZI connected with apipe 22 whereby connection may be effected with the vacuum operatedmechanism.

In the constructions above described in which there are provided twobranches, the branch 44 may be connected with, for instance, brakeoperating mechanism while the branch I6 may be connected to a suctionoperated fuel pump.

I claim:

1. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising twoconcentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply ofair to the engine cylinders, and in one only or" such tubes a movablevalve element adapted to control theflow of air therethrough, leaving afree and uncontrolled passage for air through the other tube.

2. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising twoconcentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply ofair to the engine cylinders, an enlargement on the inner tube, and onsaid enlargement a valve element in the form of an annulus adapted to berotated about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the inner tube, afree and uncontrolled passage for air being left through the inner tube.

3. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising twoarranged tubes constituting passages for the supply of air to the enginecylinders, associated with one only of such tubes a movable valveelement adapted to control the flow of air therethrough leaving a freeand uncontrolled passage for air through the other tube and at least onebranch provided on one of the tubes for efiecting connection thereofwith suction operated devices designed to be associated with an internalcombustion engine. I

4. An induction system for compression ignition engines comprising twoconcentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply ofair to the engine cylinders, associated with one only of such tubes amovable element adapted i to control the flow of air therethroughleaving a free andv uncontrolled passage for air through the other tubeand a choke or Venturi device in the inner tube.

5. An induction system for internal combustion I engines comprising twoconcentrically arranged tubes constituting passages for the supply ofair to the engine cylinders, an enlargement on the inner tube, and onsaid enlargement a valve element in the form of an annulus adapted to beconcentrically

